There are lots of way to select random record and row from database table. Here, some example where you don't require any other application logic and just apply back-end query.
Select a random row with MySQL:
SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY RAND()
LIMIT 1
Select a random row with PostgreSQL:
SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY RANDOM()
LIMIT 1
Select a random row with Microsoft SQL Server:
SELECT TOP 1 column FROM table
ORDER BY NEWID()
Select a random row with IBM DB2
SELECT column, RAND() as IDX
FROM table
ORDER BY IDX FETCH FIRST 1 ROWS ONLY
Select a random record with Oracle:
SELECT column FROM
( SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY dbms_random.value )
WHERE rownum = 1
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